This module explores how victimology has developed into a major area of criminological study. Students examine theories explaining why people become victims of crime, methods for measuring victimisation, vulnerability, repeat victimisation and hate crime. The module also investigates the evolving role of victims throughout criminal investigations and prosecutions, helping students understand how justice systems increasingly recognise and protect victims' rights. This foundation is especially valuable for Caribbean criminal justice professionals seeking to strengthen victim-centred approaches.

Students critically evaluate the major theoretical perspectives that explain criminal victimisation, including lifestyle theory, routine activity theory and victim precipitation. The module encourages learners to analyse the social, economic and environmental factors that increase vulnerability to crime while considering evidence-based approaches to reducing victimisation. Graduates gain practical insights into crime prevention strategies that can be applied across policing, corrections and community development.

This module examines victimisation through a gendered lens, focusing on rape, domestic violence, homicide and sexual offending. Students explore feminist criminological theories, the experiences of female and male victims, and the societal factors that influence reporting, investigation and prosecution of gender-based crimes. The course develops a deeper understanding of equality, safeguarding and victim advocacy, making it highly relevant for professionals addressing gender-based violence throughout the Caribbean.

Students investigate how governments, criminal justice agencies and voluntary organisations provide services to victims of crime. Topics include the Victims' Code, repeat victimisation, criminal justice reforms, human rights legislation and multi-agency approaches to victim support. Learners assess how public policy influences victim outcomes and identify opportunities to improve service delivery through evidence-based practice and collaborative partnerships.

The final core area explores contemporary challenges affecting victims, including faith-related violence, radicalisation, extremism and evolving human rights protections. Students analyse how criminal justice systems respond to new forms of victimisation while balancing security, civil liberties and victim protection. This module prepares graduates to understand complex modern threats and develop informed responses within policing, policy development and community safety initiatives.